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FDA releases scathing inspection report regarding Emergent BioSolutions plant

An FDA report cites multiple failures in an Emergent BioSolutions plant tapped to produce vaccines for Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca.

The vaccine plant had been forced to discard up to 15 million doses of Johnson & Johnson’s COVID-19 vaccine in a single manufacturing batch.

Emergent Biosolutions recently paused production of the vaccine during the FDA inspection and had quarantined doses it had in reserve. The FDA will subject those vaccines to further testing before clearing the way for their distribution, explained two head FDA officials, Peter Marks and Janet Woodcock, in a statement.

Get the full story from our sister site, Pharmaceutical Processing World.

Why demand for J&J and AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines remains unclear

This 2020 image shows a vial of J&J vaccine when it was investigational. Image from Johnson & Johnson.

After the European Medicines Agency determined that the benefits of Johnson & Johnson’s (NYSE:JNJ) COVID-19 vaccine outweigh its risks, the company announced that it would unfreeze its European vaccinate rollout. But assessing demand for the J&J and AstraZeneca vaccines remains difficult. The possible link to rare blood clots could elevate the role of vaccines from Moderna (NSDQ:MRNA), Pfizer (NYSE:PFE) and others.

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) did, however, advise that the vaccine bear a warning describing a risk of rare blood clots.

Although the J&J vaccine had been authorized in the E.U., nations there have not yet used it. After U.S. authorities paused the use of the vaccine, Johnson & Johnson decided to suspend the distribution of the product voluntarily.

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J&J reportedly asked COVID-19 vaccine developers to study blood clot risks

[Image courtesy of Wikipedia]

Johnson & Johnson (NYSE:JNJ) privately contacted other COVID-19 vaccine makers last week to gauge their interest in studying blood clot risks, according to a Wall Street Journal report. Specifically, the company asked whether its rivals — AstraZeneca, Moderna and Pfizer— had new information about blood clots following vaccination and if they were interested in forming an external panel to examine the issue, according to the article citing anonymous sources.

None of the four companies have confirmed nor denied the report.

J&J researchers did state in NEJM that there is insufficient evidence to link six cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) paired with low platelet counts to the company’s COVID-19 vaccine. Approximately seven million people in the U.S. have received the vaccine.

AstraZeneca (LON:AZN) is said to have been interested in allying wit…

A quick history of the tech behind J&J, AstraZeneca’s COVID-19 vaccines

Transmission electron micrograph of two Adenovirus particles. Image courtesy of Wikipedia.

After regulatory authorities in the U.S. and Europe have either paused or constrained the use of COVID-19 vaccines from AstraZeneca (LON:AZN) and Johnson & Johnson (NYSE:JNJ), some regulatory authorities wonder why the adenoviral-vector vaccines have been potentially linked to similar blood clotting events.

Researchers have observed blood clotting events associated with adenoviral vectors since the late-1990s in early experiments with the platform. But the safety of the platform has improved as genetic engineering has advanced.

The history of using viruses as vectors dates back to the mid-1970s when scientists Dr. J. Michael Bishop and Dr. Harold Varmus demonstrated that gamma-retroviruses could acquire cellular genes.

Researchers began creating adenoviral vectors in the 1980s, testing replication-de…

Annual COVID-19 vaccines likely, according to Pfizer CEO

The public may require annual vaccines to protect against SARS-CoV-2, Pfizer (NYSE:PFE) CEO Albert Bourla said today.

“It is extremely important to suppress the pool of people that can be susceptible to the virus,” Bourla said in a CNBC interview.

While the details of Pfizer-BioNTech boosters are not yet clear, COVID-19 boosters will likely be based on an mRNA platform.

Adenovirus-vectored vaccines from AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson are currently in limited use, given concerns that they could cause rare but serious blood clotting problems.

The mRNA vaccines from Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech also have a head start, and U.S. officials expect 600 million doses of the vaccines to be delivered by the end of July.

It will be “a stretch for adenoviral-vector vaccines to have any material uptake,” in the U.S., said Navin Jacob, a senior equity research analyst at UBS. “And you can’t really give boosters with the adenoviral-vector vaccin…

6 assumptions about COVID-19 vaccines as AstraZeneca and J&J face safety scrutiny

[Photo by Daniel Schludi on Unsplash]

With COVID-19 cases surging in many parts of the world, the need is high for multiple vaccines to slow the virus.

But the fate of adenovirus-vectored vaccines from AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson has become murky after a limited number of people receiving those vaccines have developed blood clot disorders.

Officials in both the EU and the U.S. suspect there could be a link between adenovirus-based COVID-1 vaccines and blood clotting problems such as cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Authorities in both countries have either temporarily halted or constrained the use of adenovirus vaccines.

Russia’s Sputnik V and China’s CanSino Biologics also have COVID-19 vaccines based on an adenovirus platform.

1. The blood clotting problems seems rare but more common in women

Even though blood clotting problems have gotten a substantial amount of att…

EMA begins investigation of J&J COVID-19 vaccine’s blot clotting potential

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) announced that it is beginning a review of blood clots appearing in a handful of recipients of the Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine.

EMA recently concluded that blood clots associated with low blood platelet levels were a “very rare” side effect of Vaxzevria, the vaccine from AstraZeneca.

Four recipients of the Johnson & Johnson vaccine have had such blood clotting events. One of those individuals has died.

A Johnson & Johnson summary of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine clinical trial cited a “numerical imbalance” for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) between vaccine and placebo recipients. In the vaccine arm, there were five cases of DVT and four cases of PE. By contrast, there were two DVT reports and one of PE in the study’s placebo arm.

The company has stressed that it has found no causal relationship between the rare blood clotting events and its vaccine.

European regul…

AstraZeneca vaccine linked to rare blood clots, according to EMA official

European Medicines Agency (EMA) official Marco Cavaleri said there was a link between AstraZeneca’s COVID-19 vaccine and rare reports of blood clots, including pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis and thrombocytopenia, according to a Reuters report.

Two separate research groups in Europe had reached similar conclusions regarding the blood clots in March.

Get the full story from our sister site, Drug Discovery & Development.

AstraZeneca vaccine linked to rare blood clots, according to EMA official

European Medicines Agency (EMA) official Marco Cavaleri said there was a link between AstraZeneca’s COVID-19 vaccine and rare reports of blood clots, including pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis and thrombocytopenia, according to a Reuters report.

Two separate research groups in Europe had reached similar conclusions regarding the blood clots in March.

AstraZeneca had previously downplayed the possibility that its COVID-19 vaccine is linked to such events. The company did not immediately respond to a request for a comment.

The benefits of the vaccine, which was jointly developed by AstraZeneca and Oxford University, still outweigh the risks, said Marco Cavaleri, head of health threats and vaccine strategy, in an interview with Rome’s Il Messaggero paper.

EMA is poised to make a formal announcement regarding the subject, Cavaleri said.

The EMA press office itself notes that it “has not yet reached a conclusion, and the review is curren…

AstraZeneca vaccine offers little protection against South Africa SARS-CoV-2 variant

The ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccine jointly developed between AstraZeneca and the University of Oxford is not effective against the B.1.351 variant first identified in South Africa, according to a recent study published in NEJM.

In a five-month study involving HIV-negative adults, 23 of 717 placebo recipients developed mild-to-moderate COVID-19 while 19 of 750 vaccine recipients did. Based on that data, the vaccine has an efficacy of 22% in protecting against mild-to-moderate disease in South Africa more than 14 days after the second dose. Efficacy against the B.1.351 variant specifically was 10.4%.

Get the full story from our sister site, Drug Discovery & Development.

Blood clot fears prompt Europe to suspend use of AstraZeneca vaccine

Although no causal link has been found between blood clots and the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, several European nations have decided to suspend its use out of an abundance of caution.

Germany, France, Italy, and Spain recently halted the use of the vaccine following reports of blood clots in the brains of vaccinated people.

There have been 37 blood clot reports among more than 17 million doses administered in the EU and the U.K.

The bans are likely to be temporary. The European Medicines Agency has recommended the continued use of the vaccine, stating that the vaccines outweigh the possible risks. The agency will likely offer its interpretation of the blood clot reports this week.

The World Health Organization has also stated that it, to date, has found no links between blood clots and the AstraZeneca vaccine, which was jointed developed with Oxford University.

The incidence of blood clots in AstraZeneca vaccine recipients is in line with…

Tinnitus reports grow amid COVID-19 vaccinations

Photo by Kimia Zarifi on Unsplash

A handful of patients in Johnson & Johnson’s Phase 3 COVID-19 clinical trial complained of tinnitus, or ringing in the ears.

After reporting on the subject, we’ve received a steady stream of reports from Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine recipients who experienced tinnitus.

The U.S. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System database cites 152 reports of tinnitus among 25,072 COVID-19 recipients of vaccines from Pfizer-BioNtech and Moderna. The database also has 11 reports of sudden hearing loss and 39 reports of hypoacusis (loss of hearing acuity).

A U.K. database cataloging adverse events related to AstraZeneca and Pfizer-BioNtech vaccines also lists a number of cases of tinnitus. In a summary of adverse reaction reports for the 54,180 recipients of the AstraZeneca vaccine from Jan. 1 to Feb. 28, there were 320 tinnitus reports. For the Pfizer-BioNTech vacc…